Yes, you CAN power full-scale trains with solar + a battery. This train has solar panels on its roof + solar panels on a storage building next to where it parks. These solar panels collectively generate electricity, which then fills the train's battery and powers the train.
SolarPowerRocks.Com evaluates U.S. states according to their overall solar “friendliness.” According to SolarPowerRocks.Com, the Green states in the map above...